Annoba ta canza duniya.A duk faɗin duniya, gwamnatocin dukkan ƙasashe suna fuskantar ƙalubale masu yawa na rigakafi da shawo kan annobar.A lokacin cutar ta COVID-19, kasar Sin tana cikin matakai hudu na tsarin rigakafi da mayar da martani (rigakafi, ganowa, sarrafawa da kuma mabuɗin samun nasara ana nunawa a cikin jiyya).Sannan ta hanyar kafafen yada labarai da taimakon likitanci don yada kwarewar kasar Sin ga duniya.Koyaya, saboda dalilai da yawa kamar addini, dimokuradiyya, halaye na yanki, da maye gurbin ƙwayoyin cuta, ba a shawo kan cutar ta duniya da kyau ba, kuma adadin waɗanda aka tabbatar da kamuwa da cutar da mace-mace ya ƙaru sosai.
Bayan shiga Maris 2021, annobar duniya da aka fara daidaitawa a hankali, saboda lokacin bam a Indiya, ta sake fashewa!Af, an shigo da sabon kambi na duniya cikin bugu na uku na annoba.Dangane da bayanan da Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya ta fitar, tun daga farkon watan Afrilu, adadin sabbin masu kamuwa da cutar a Indiya ya karu kusan daidai gwargwado, kuma a hukumance ya zarce 400,000 a cikin gida na 26th.Kuma tare da adadin adadin da aka tabbatar sun kai miliyan 1.838, ya zama yanki na biyu da aka fi fama da cutar a duniya bayan Amurka.

Amma wannan ba duka ba ne, saboda ingancin gwajin shima ya karu sosai, ya kai kashi 20.3% a ranar 26 ga Afrilu. Wannan yana nufin kamuwa da cuta ya karu.Dangane da cewa adadin mutanen da aka gwada bai karu ba, adadi mai yawa na masu kamuwa da cutar ba su da damar kamuwa da cutar.Bayanan da aka fallasa a halin yanzu shine kawai ƙarshen ƙanƙara.

Annobar sabuwar kwayar cutar kambi a koyaushe ita ce takobin Damocles da ke rataye a kan mutane, kuma abin da zai iya dakatar da cutar shine ganowa.Sabon gwajin kambin da farko ya yi amfani da tsarin fasahar kwayoyin halitta ne wajen gano sinadarin nucleic acid na kwayar cutar, amma a hankali a hankali ya fara canjawa don amfani da dandalin zinare na colloidal don gano sinadarin antigen na kwayar cutar.Abin da ke da mahimmanci shine ainihin buƙatar kasuwa.
Tarihin canje-canje a cikin gwajin sabon kambi na duniya
Zaman gano acid nucleic
Cutar ta COVID-19 ta shafe sama da shekara guda, kuma rahoton bincike na WHO ya bayyana cewa, za ta ci gaba da dakile ayyukan kiwon lafiya na yau da kullun a kashi 90% na kasashe.Ko ta yaya kasashe masu ci gaba suka ci gaba, tsarin kula da lafiyar jama'a da ƙwararrun cibiyoyin kimiyya waɗanda aka gina a baya sun ba da gudummawa kawai ga nasarar farko.Kasashe masu cancanta kamar Amurka, Jamus, da Italiya sun kashe makudan kudade na kudi a asibitocin gida mai murabba'i, dakin gwaje-gwajen kwayoyin halitta an gina shi ne don inganta iyawar ganowa, aiwatar da ingantattun dabarun tsarewa a tsakanin tsofaffi, kuma sun yi amfani da isassun damar asibiti.Koyaya, tare da karuwar adadin marasa lafiya da kuma yaduwar sabon coronavirus, ƙarfin asibitin ya yi yawa.
Kasashe da suka ci gaba sun shagaltu da daukar nauyin kansu, yayin da kasashe masu tasowa ke kara takurawa saboda dalilan kudi na kasa da kasa gudanar da gwaje-gwaje na duniya kan lokaci.WHO tana ba su tallafin fasaha, horarwa, kayan aiki da kayayyaki don haɓaka ƙarfin gwaji a duniya.Misali, lokacin da COVID-19 ya fara bayyana, Somaliya ba ta da karfin gwajin kwayoyin halitta, amma a karshen shekarar 2020, Somaliya tana da dakunan gwaje-gwaje 6 wadanda za su iya yin irin wannan gwajin.
Duk da haka, wannan har yanzu ba zai iya cimma burin kowa na cikakken jarrabawar ba.A wannan lokacin, rashin amfani na gano nucleic acid ya bayyana:

*Kudin yana da yawa - babban farashin ginin dakin gwaje-gwaje, horar da ma'aikata, kayan aikin dakin gwaje-gwaje, reagents na gwaji da kayan masarufi.Waɗannan farashin sun riga sun shimfiɗa tsarin likitancin ƙasashen da suka ci gaba, kuma ƙasashe masu ƙanƙanta da matsakaita ba za su iya biyan su ba.

*Aikin yana da rikitarwa kuma yana ɗaukar lokaci mai tsawo.Kodayake dakin gwaje-gwajen kwayoyin POCT ya riga ya bayyana, matsakaicin lokacin dakin gwaje-gwaje na kwayoyin RT-pcr na al'ada don samar da sakamako kusan sa'o'i 2.5 ne, kuma a zahiri dole ne a samu rahoton gobe.

*The dakin gwaje-gwaje'An taƙaita wurin yanki kuma ba zai iya ɗaukar duk yankuna ba.
*Ƙara haɗarin kamuwa da cuta-a gefe guda, ma'aikatan kiwon lafiya da ke yin gwajin za su kara haɗarin kamuwa da cuta, kuma gurɓataccen dakin gwaje-gwaje zai kuma juya wasu samfurori zuwa abubuwan da ba a sani ba kuma suna haifar da tsoro;a daya bangaren kuma, dole ne mutane su je asibiti don yin gwajin lissafin kudi.Kusan haɓaka hulɗa da marasa lafiya masu inganci ko lokacin shiryawa, kuma haɗarin kamuwa da cuta a cikin mutane masu lafiya shima yana ƙaruwa.

A takaice zamanin gwajin antibody
A zahiri, a farkon matakan cutar, kowa yana ƙoƙarin rage farashin gwajin COVID-19, tare da sauƙaƙe hanyoyin gwaji gwargwadon yuwuwar rage ayyukan ma'aikatan lafiya.Don haka, gwajin rigakafin mutum shine mafi saurin gano hanyar ganowa wanda za'a iya aiwatarwa akan dandamalin zinare na colloidal.ciki.Amma saboda gwajin maganin rigakafi martani ne na rigakafi na serological bayan jikin ɗan adam ya kamu da sabon coronavirus, rigakafin rigakafi na immunoglobulin IgM ya fara bayyana, wanda aka samar a cikin kusan kwanaki 5 zuwa 7;to, IgG antibody ya bayyana, wanda aka samar a cikin kimanin kwanaki 10 zuwa 15.A ƙarƙashin yanayi na al'ada, ana samar da ƙwayoyin rigakafin IgM da wuri.Da zarar kamuwa da cuta, ana samar da su da sauri, ana kiyaye su na ɗan lokaci, kuma su ɓace da sauri.Za a iya amfani da gwajin jini mai kyau a matsayin alamar kamuwa da cuta da wuri.Ana samar da ƙwayoyin rigakafin IgG a makare, suna daɗe na dogon lokaci, kuma suna ɓacewa a hankali.Ana iya amfani da gwaji mai kyau a cikin jini azaman alamar kamuwa da cuta da cututtukan da suka gabata.

Ko da yake gano maganin rigakafi yana magance wasu rashin lahani na gano nucleic acid, yana ɗaukar ɗan lokaci kafin antigen ta shiga jiki kafin a samar da IgM da IgG.A wannan lokacin, ba za a iya gano IgM da IgG a cikin maganin ba, kuma akwai lokacin taga.Kamata ya yi a yi amfani da gano gaɓoɓin mutum don ƙarin gwaji ko haɗa gwajin acid nucleic ga marasa lafiya da ake zargi da rashin sakamakon gwajin nucleic acid.

Yayin da tsabtar kayan albarkatun antigen ya kai ga ma'auni kuma ƙarfin samarwa yana kan aiki, an fara gano antigen don yin amfani da shi sosai saboda daidai yake da gano ƙwayoyin nucleic don gano sabbin ƙwayoyin cuta na coronavirus kuma babu lokacin taga.

Gano Antigen (Amfani da Kwarewa) zamanin

Bayan barkewar cutar da yawa da maye gurbi na sabon coronavirus, yana iya zama kwayar cutar da ke rayuwa tare da mutane na dogon lokaci kamar mura.Sabili da haka, sabbin samfuran gwajin antigen kambi sun zama "sabon fi so" na kasuwa saboda sauƙin aiki, sakamako mai sauri, da ƙarancin farashi.Don gwajin aikin samfur, takaddun CE kawai ake buƙata a farkon.Daga baya, ƙasashen Turai sun ɗauki sabon gwajin antigen na kambi a hankali a matsayin hanyar tantancewa ta farko, kuma aikin samfurin ya ƙarfafa.Sassan kiwon lafiya da na Jamus, Burtaniya, Belgium, Switzerland da sauran ƙasashe sun gabatar da dakunan gwaje-gwaje na farko na Tripartite waɗanda ke tabbatar da ayyukan masana'antun daban-daban a duniya tare da ba da izini na musamman.

▼Hoton Sashe na Amincewa na Musamman na Bfarm na Jamus
▼Jamus PEI
▼Gwajin saurin antigen na Belgium (amfani da ƙwararru) hotunan sashe na yarda na musamman
Tabbas, ana iya aiwatar da gano sabbin antigens na kambi a zahiri a kan dandamali guda biyu, ɗaya shine immunochromatography, wanda shine abin da muke kira colloidal zinariya, wanda ke amfani da barbashi na gwal don nannade antigen antibody;ɗayan kuma shine immunofluorescence, wanda ke amfani da latex.Microspheres sun ƙunshi antigen da antibody.Idan aka kwatanta da fasahar immunochromatography, farashin kayayyakin immunofluorescence ya fi girma.

1. Ana buƙatar ƙarin mai karanta haske don fassarar.

2. A lokaci guda kuma, farashin latex ya fi tsada fiye da gwal

Haɗin mai karatu kuma yana ƙara rikiɗar aiki da ƙimar rashin aiki, wanda bai dace da masu amfani da talakawa ba.

Colloidal zinariya sabon kambi gano antigen zai zama mafi kyawun zaɓi a kasuwa!
Mawallafi: Do Laimeng K